Lack+of+Political+Experience

After independence, due to the lack of political experience, Vietnam encountered various problems.  The new government tackled these issues with the spirit of a communist military campaign. However, their measures in retrospect could be considered rather unsuccessful:
 * Their command economy and agricultural collectivization policies failed to provide either wealth or resources for the people.
 * The spatial engineering which reconfigured Vietnamese province boundaries marginalized ethnic minorities living in mountainous regions such as the Hmong and Tai, among other negative repercussions.