Paris+Peace+Treaties

provide the (1) definition (who, what, when, where, why) for each treaty & (2) the geopolitical or economic impacts on Europe

Versailles 1. Definition:
 * Who: German Reich & British Empire, France, Italy, Japan, USA
 * Alsace-Lorraine to France
 * Eupen, Moresnet and Malmedy to Belgium
 * North Schleswig to Denmark
 * West Prussia and Posen to Poland. Danzig a free city under League of Nations
 * Memel given to Lithuania
 * Saar administered by League of Nations for 15 years before voting to France or Germany (France allowed to have coalmines)
 * Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, taken away and set up as independent states
 * Union (Anschluss) between Germany and Austria was forbidden
 * Germany’s African colonies taken away
 * German armaments were limited to maximum of 100000 troops
 * War guilt clause
 * Pay reparations 6600 million pounds
 * League of nations formed
 * When: 1919 (signed officially on 28 June)
 * Where: Palace of Versailles (in France)
 * Why: Germany 'lost' the 'Great War' (not really, they had a truce but this was signed to obtain peace)

2. Geopolitical or economic impacts on Europe: Germany was greatly weakened and France obtained most of the cessions. Many Germans became irredentists(?) and yearned to become part of Germany again which would lead to many of the later causes for World War 2. Germany was always a large trading country and thus with it greatly weakened, so was Europe's economy (this was why the British Prime minister wanted Germany to recover quickly).

St. Germain

1. Definition:


 * Who: Austria and the Allied Powers (British Empire, France, Italy, Japan, USA)
 * What:
 * Bohemia and Moravia (wealthy industrial provinces with a population of 10 billion) to the new state of Czechoslovakia
 * Dalmatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina to Serbia (Montenegro is now Yugoslavia)
 * Bukovina to Romania
 * Galicia to the reconstituted state of Poland
 * The south Tyrol (as far as the Brenner pass), Trentino, Istrai and Trieste to Italy
 * When: 1919 (signed on 10 September)
 * Where:Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Franc)
 * Why: Because Austria was on the losing side of the war and was partially to blame.

2. Geopolitical or economic impacts on Europe: This was quite significant since Austria was made up of many different ethnic groups. with this treaty, the ethnic groups broke up, leaving behind an extremely weakened Austria. Thus, because it was separated, more nations were formed, causing differences geopolitically.

Trianon

Neuilly

Sevres / Lausanne