Definition
The Rome-Berlin Axis was an alliance made between Germany and Italy in 1936, agreeing on working together militarily and also creating new trade agreements between the two countries.

Significance
This agreement was made between Hitler and Mussolini (Italy). this act was an open defiance of the demands of the Allies, especially the fact that Germany started to re-militarize again. This act of defiance also foreshadows WWII, where fascist Italy and Nazi Germany were on the same side in the Axis.